PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

The present study evaluated the efficacy of a single oral dose of doramectin in the control of Psoroptes ovis and Leporacarus gibbus in naturally infested rabbits. Sixteen adult rabbits were selected and distributed in two experimental groups. The treated group received 200 µg/Kg of oral doramectin and the control group received the same volume of saline solution. The diagnosis of the mites was made with a stereoscopic microscope. Hairs from the dorsal part of the neck, lumbar right, lumbar left, ventral side of the tail and ventral abdomen were evaluated for L. gibbus, and ear wax evaluated for P. ovis. The evaluation of the efficiency and the clinical assessment of the lesions was made in days 0, +3, +7, +14, +21, +28, and +35 after treatment. An efficacy of 75% and 87,5% was observed for L. gibbus in days +3 and +7 after treatment, an efficacy of 100% was observed in days +14, + 21, +28 e +35. An efficacy of 100% for the control of P. ovis was observed following day +7. The clinical lesion score of the control group remained unaltered, except for one animal which conditions worsened during experimentation. In the treated group animals, regression of the lesions was observed following day +3, and on day +21 no signal of infestation by P. ovis was present. None of the animals from the treated group presented secondary collateral effects caused by the doramectin, which proved itself as an optimal alternative for mite control in naturally infested rabbits.

• Doramectin Psoroptes ovis Leporacarus gibbus macrocyclic lactones avermectins Psoroptic mange rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus mites

Abstract in Portuguese:

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia da doramectina administrada por via oral no controle de Psoroptes ovis e Leporacarus gibbus em coelhos naturalmente infestados. Foram selecionados 16 coelhos adultos, distribuídos em dois grupos experimentais, compondo oito animais por grupo. O grupo tratado foi medicado com 200µg/kg de doramectina por via oral, enquanto que no grupo controle foi administrado o mesmo volume de solução salina. O diagnóstico dos ácaros foi realizado com auxílio de microscópio estereoscópico. Foram coletados pelos das regiões do pescoço dorsal, lombar direita, lombar esquerda, cauda ventral e abdômen ventral para avaliação de L. gibbus e para P. ovis foi coletado cerúmen das orelhas com auxílio de zaragatoas. A avaliação da eficácia e a avaliação clínica das lesões, mensuradas em escores (grau 0 a 4), foi realizada nos dias 0, +3, +7, +14, +21, +28 e +35, após o tratamento. Foi observada eficácia de 75% e 87,5% no controle de L. gibbus nos dias +3 e +7 após o tratamento, sendo observada eficácia de 100% nos dias +14, + 21, +28 e +35. Foi observada eficácia de 100% no controle de P. ovis a partir do dia +7, permanecendo até o final do período observacional. O escore das lesões clínicas no grupo controle permaneceu de forma inalterada, exceto em um animal que piorou ao longo dos dias experimentais, enquanto nos animais do grupo tratado regrediu a partir do dia +3 e já no dia +21 após o tratamento, os animais apresentavam-se sem sinais da infestação por P. ovis. Nenhum animal do grupo tratado apresentou quaisquer efeitos colaterais secundários causados pela doramectina, que se mostrou uma ótima alternativa para o controle dos ácaros em coelhos naturalmente parasitados.

• Doramictina Psoroptes ovis Leporacarus gibbus Oryctolagus cuniculus avermectina sarna

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Coelho C.N., Batista L.C.S.O., Lambert M.M., Nunes T.A.P., Santos R.R., Silva D.D., Correia T.R. & Scott F.B. 2015. [Efficacy of fipronil for dogs with different parasite burdens of Ctenocephalides felis felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae).] Eficácia do fipronil em cães infestados com diferentes cargas parasitárias de Ctenocephalides felis felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 35(3):270-273. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ve­terinárias, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465 Km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23897-970, Brazil. E-mail: cnunesc@hotmail.com The objective of the study was to evaluate through in vivo test, the efficacy and residual period of protection of 10% fipronil “top spot” for dogs with different Ctenocephalides felis felis burdens of infestations. For this, 24 Beagles were used, divided into four groups of six dogs each. The dogs of the control groups I and II were not treated, while the dogs of the treated groups I e II were treated with the formulation of 10% fipronil “top spot”. The dogs of the control group I and treated group I were infested with 100 unfed C. felis felis and dogs of group control II and treated II one were infested with 300 unfed C. felis felis each. Infestations were performed on days -2, +5, +12, +19, +26, +33 and +40, and on days +2, +7, +14, +21, +28, +35 and +42 fleas were mechanical removed and counted for evaluation. Efficacy for treated group I on days +2, +7, +14, +21, +28, +35 and +42 was respectively 99.36%, 99.73%, 99.48%, 99.00%, 74.00%, 99.75%, 95.06% and 67.62%. The efficacy for the treated group II, evaluated on the same days, was respectively 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 99.91, 95.60% and 68.55%. Fipronil was effective in eliminating fleas on dogs until day +35. The statistical comparisons of the mean living fleas between control I group and treated I one showed significant differences (p≤0.05) for the challenges on all experimental days after treatment. Control II group and treated II one also showed significant differences (p≤0.05) for the challenges on all experimental days after treatment. Statistical analysis between treated group I and II showed no significant difference (p≥0.05) between the challenges on all experimental days. The challenges were finished on day 42, when the effectiveness of fipronil in treated groups I and II were lower than 70%. The tested product was effective in eliminating fleas on dogs until day + 35 with no more residual effect of protection when the animals were reinfested. There was no difference in efficacy levels between the groups infested with 100 and 300 specimens of C. felis felis throughout the experimental period.

• Phenylpyrazol fleas Ctenocephalides felis felis

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Coelho C.N., Batista L.C.S.O., Lambert M.M., Nunes T.A.P., Santos R.R., Silva D.D., Correia T.R. & Scott F.B. 2015. [Efficacy of fipronil for dogs with different parasite burdens of Ctenocephalides felis felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae).] Eficácia do fipronil em cães infestados com diferentes cargas parasitárias de Ctenocephalides felis felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 35(3):270-273. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ve­terinárias, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465 Km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23897-970, Brazil. E-mail: cnunesc@hotmail.com O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar através de teste in vivo, a eficácia e o período residual de proteção do fipronil 10% “top spot” em cães infestados com diferentes cargas parasitárias de Ctenocephalides felis felis. Foram utilizados 24 cães da raça Beagle, compondo seis animais por grupo. Os cães foram divididos em quatro grupos. Os cães dos grupos controles I e II não receberam tratamento, enquanto que os cães dos grupos tratados I e II receberam tratamento com formulação de fipronil 10% “top spot”. Os cães dos grupos controle I e tratado I foram infestados com 100 pulgas adultas não alimentadas, e os cães dos grupos controle II e tratado II foram infestados com 300 pulgas adultas não alimentadas. As infestações foram realizadas nos dias, -2, +5, +12, +19, +26, +33 e +40 e nos dias +2, +7, +14, +21, +28, +35 e +42 foi realizada retirada mecânica e contagem de pulgas para avaliação. As eficácias pulguicidas, para o grupo tratado I, nos dias +2, +7, +14, +21, +28, +35 e +42, foram respectivamente 99,36%; 99,73%; 99,48%; 99,74%; 99,75%; 95,06% e 67,62%. As eficácias pulguicidas, para o grupo tratado II, avaliadas nos mesmos dias, foram respectivamente 100%; 100%; 100%; 100%; 99,91%; 95,60% e 68,55%. O fipronil mostrou-se eficaz na eliminação das pulgas em cães até o dia +35. A análise estatística comparativa entre as médias de pulgas vivas, entre os grupos controle I e tratado I, demonstrou que ocorreu diferença significativa (p≤0,05) para os desafios em todos os dias experimentais, após o tratamento. Os grupos controle II e tratado II também apresentaram diferença significativa (p≤0,05) para os desafios em todos os dias experimentais, após o tratamento. A análise estatística entre os grupos tratados I e II demonstrou que não ocorreu diferença significativa (p≥0,05) para os desafios em todos os dias experimentais. O desafio foi encerrado no dia +42 já que a eficácia do fipronil nos grupos tratados I e II foram inferiores 70%. O produto em teste mostrou-se eficaz na eliminação das pulgas em cães até o dia + 35, não apresentando mais efeito residual de proteção quando os animais foram reinfestados. Não houve diferença significativa nos níveis de eficácia entre os grupos infestados com 100 e 300 exemplares adultos de C. felis felis ao longo do período experimental.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Souza C.P., Ramadinha R.H.R. & Scott F.B. 2014. Clinical and parasitological evaluation of pour-on fluazuron and ivermectin for treating canine demodicosis. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(11):1094-1100. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465 Km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: clarissaps@globo.com The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of pour-on formulations of fluazuron and ivermectin in different therapeutic protocols for treatment of demodicosis by means of quantifying mites with skin scraping, histological and clinical evaluation in dogs. Eighteen dogs with skin scrapings positive for Demodex canis were evaluated, divided into three groups. All the animals were treated every 14 days, completing 6 treatments for each animal (days 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70). In group 1, pour-on 2.5% fluazuron was used at the dose of 20mg/kg; in the group 2 pour-on 2.5% fluazuron at a dose of 20 mg/kg in association with pour-on 0.5% ivermectin at the dose of 0.6mg/kg; and in group 3, pour-on 0.5% ivermectin alone was used, at the dose of 0.6mg/kg. The treatment was evaluated and monitored through skin scrapings and clinical follow-up of the lesions every 14 days for 84 days, and through histopathological examination at the end of each treatment protocol. The success rate was defined as the percentage of dogs in each group that had negative skin scrapings after the treatment: this was 16.67% for group 1, and 50% for groups 2 and 3. The reduction in mite counts reached effectiveness of 67.66%, 88.99% and 84.29% for groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The Wilcoxon test showed that there was a significant difference between the number of mites before and after treatment in groups 2 and 3. The histopathological examination revealed that only group 1 showed no significant difference in the intensity of infestation between days 0 and 84. Clinically, there was no significant difference between the evaluation before and after treatment in the three groups. Pour-on 2.5% fluazuron and pour-on 0.5% ivermectin were not effective for treating canine demodicosis, either in association or as single therapy, when applied every 14 days for a period of 70 days. Quantification of mites using skin scrapings and histological evaluation proved to be ineffective, either one as sole therapeutic evaluation parameters, for canine demodicosis.

• Demodex canis fluazuron ivermectin demodiciose canina ivermectina

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Souza C.P., Ramadinha R.H.R. & Scott F.B. 2014. Clinical and parasitological evaluation of pour-on fluazuron and ivermectin for treating canine demodicosis. [Avaliação clínica e parasitológica do fluazuron e da ivermectina pour-on no tratamento da demodiciose canina.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(11):1094-1100. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465 Km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: clarissaps@globo.com O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do fluazuron e da ivermectina pour-on em diferentes protocolos terapêuticos no tratamento da demodiciose, através da quantificação de ácaros por raspados cutâneos e exames histológicos, além da avaliação dos cães. Foram avaliados 18 cães com raspados cutâneos positivos para o ácaro Demodex canis, divididos em três grupos. Todos os animais foram tratados a cada 14 dias, totalizando seis tratamentos em cada cão (Dias 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 e 70). No grupo 1 foi utilizado fluazuron 2,5% pour-on na dosagem de 20mg/kg; no grupo 2 foi empregado fluazuron 2,5% pour-on na dosagem de 20mg/kg associado a ivermectina 0,5% pour-on, na dosagem de 0,6mg/kg e, no grupo 3, somente ivermectina 0,5% pour-on 0,6mg/kg. Raspados cutâneos e acompanhamento clínico das lesões foram realizados a cada 14 dias por 84 dias e realizado exame histopatológico ao final de cada protocolo terapêutico. A taxa de sucesso foi definida pela porcentagem de cães em cada grupo com raspados negativos ao final do tratamento, que foi 16,67% para o grupo 1 e 50% para os grupos 2 e 3. A redução na contagem no número de ácaros alcançou eficácia de até 67,66%; 88,99% e 84,29%, nos grupos 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente. O teste de Wilcoxon mostrou que houve diferença significativa entre a quantidade de ácaros antes e após o tratamento nos grupos 2 e 3. No exame histopatológico apenas o grupo 1 não apresentou diferença significativa na intensidade da infestação entre os dias 0 e 84. Clinicamente não houve diferença significativa entre as avaliações antes e após o tratamento dos três grupos. O fluazuron 2,5% pour-on e a ivermectina 0,5% pour-on associados ou como terapia única, não foram eficazes no tratamento da demodiciose canina, quando aplicados a cada 14 dias em um período de 70 dias. A quantificação de ácaros através do exame parasitológico em raspado cutâneo e em exame histopatológico demonstrou-se ineficaz como parâmetro isolado de avaliação pós-terapêutica para demodiciose canina.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Coelho C.N., Nunes T.A.P., Batista L.C. de S.O., Silva D.D., Santos R.R., Correia T.R., Scott F.B. & Fernandes J.I. 2014. [Efficacy of oral ivermectin for control of Psoroptes ovis and Leporacarus gibbus in naturally infested rabbits.] Eficácia da ivermectina oral no controle de Psoroptes ovis e Leporacarus gibbus em coelhos naturalmente infestados. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(9):832-836. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465 Km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23897-970, Brazil. E-mail: cnunesc@hotmail.com The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of oral ivermectin in the control of Psoroptes ovis and Leporacarus gibbus in naturally infested rabbits. Twenty adult rabbits were selected; they were distributed in two groups with equal proportions of both sexes, containing ten animals per group. In the control group the same volume of the treatment was administered of saline solution, meanwhile the treated group received a single dose of oral ivermectin (400µg/kg). The diagnosis of the mites was made with a stereoscopic microscope, after the proper collection of material. For P. ovis it was performed by collecting of ear wax with swabs and for L. gibbus it was performed by collecting hairs in the dorsal part of the neck, lumbar right, lumbar left, ventral side of the tail and ventral abdomen. The evaluation of the efficiency and the clinical evaluation of the lesions, measured in scores (grade 0 to 4) was made in days 0, +3, +7, +4, +21, +28, and +35, after treatment. An efficiency of 100% was observed for P. ovis following day +7, and for L. gibbus following day +14, remaining negative until the final day of the study. The score of lesions in the ears of the treated group regressed following day +14 and on day +21 all animals reached a score of 0. In the control group, two animals presented an increase in ear lesion score, one rabbit presented an increase from score 1 to 2, and the other rabbit, from score 3 to 4. No adverse reactions were observed in the treated animals. The single dose administration of oral ivermectin was successful in the control of P. ovis and L. gibbus in naturally infested rabbits.

• Psoroptes ovis Leporacarus gibbus mange ivermectin Oryctolagus cuniculus sarna psoróptica ivermectina

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Coelho C.N., Nunes T.A.P., Batista L.C. de S.O., Silva D.D., Santos R.R., Correia T.R., Scott F.B. & Fernandes J.I. 2014. [Efficacy of oral ivermectin for control of Psoroptes ovis and Leporacarus gibbus in naturally infested rabbits.] Eficácia da ivermectina oral no controle de Psoroptes ovis e Leporacarus gibbus em coelhos naturalmente infestados. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(9):832-836. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465 Km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23897-970, Brazil. E-mail: cnunesc@hotmail.com O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia da ivermectina administrada por via oral no controle de Psoroptes ovis e Leporacarus gibbus em coelhos naturalmente infestados. Foram selecionados 20 coelhos adultos, distribuídos na mesma proporção de ambos os sexos, em dois grupos experimentais, compondo dez animais por grupo. No grupo controle foi administrado o mesmo volume do tratamento de solução salina, enquanto o grupo tratado recebeu dose única de ivermectina oral (400 µg/Kg). O diagnóstico dos ácaros foi realizado com auxílio de microscópio estereoscópico após a devida coleta de material. Para P. ovis foi realizada através de coleta do cerúmen com auxílio de zaragatoas efetuadas nas orelhas e para por L. gibbus foi realizada coleta de pelos nas regiões do pescoço dorsal, lombar direita, lombar esquerda, cauda ventral e abdômen ventral. A avaliação da eficácia e a avaliação clínica das lesões, mensuradas em escores (grau 0 a 4) foi realizada nos dias 0, +3, +7, +14, +21, +28 e + 35, após o tratamento. Foi observada a eficácia de 100% no controle de P. ovis a partir do dia +7 e para L. gibbus a partir do dia +14, mantendo-se negativos até o final do período experimental. O escore da lesão das orelhas do grupo tratado regrediu a partir do dia +14 e no dia +21 todos os animais atingiram grau 0. No grupo controle, dois animais apresentaram aumento no escore da lesão das orelhas, um coelho apresentou aumento do escore de grau 1 para 2 e outro coelho de grau 3 para 4. Não foram observadas quaisquer reações adversas nos animais tratados. A ivermectina administrada por via oral em dose única foi eficaz no controle de P. ovis e L. gibbus em coelhos naturalmente infestados.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Fernandes J.I., Verocai G.G., Ribeiro F.A., Melo R.M.P.S., Correia T.R., Coumendouros K. & Scott F.B. 2013. Efficacy of the d-phenothrin/pyriproxyfen association against mites in naturally co-infested rabbits. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33(5):597-600. Instituto de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, BR-316 Km 61, Castanhal, PA 68740-970, Brazil. E-mail: vetjulio@yahoo.com.br The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of the d-phenothrin/pyriproxyfen association against Psoroptes ovis, Cheyletiella parasitivorax, and Leporacarus gibbus infestations in naturally co-infested rabbits. Twenty crossbreed (New Zealand White x California) rabbits concurrently infested by the three mite species were randomly divided in two groups. All rabbits presented with hyperemia, erythema and formation of crusts in the ear canals caused by P. ovis. Infestations by both C. parasitivorax and L. gibbus were considered asymptomatic in all animals.Ten animals were treated with a 4.4% d-phenothrin and 0.148% pyriproxyfen spray formulation until have their body surface uniformly sprayed, including external ear canals. The other ten rabbits remained untreated, serving as control group. Observations were done on days +7, +14, +21, +28, and +35 post-treatment. The d-phenothrin/pyriproxyfen association showed 100% efficacy against the three mite species and was responsible for the remission of psoroptic mange lesions on treated animals. No signs of intoxication were observed. The results indicate that d-phenothrin/pyriproxyfen spray formulation in a single application is an effective and clinically safe option for the control of different mite infestations in rabbits.

• Cheyletiellosis mites Leporacarus gibbus psoroptic mange queiletielose sarna psoróptica

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Fernandes J.I., Verocai G.G., Ribeiro F.A., Melo R.M.P.S., Correia T.R., Coumendouros K. & Scott F.B. 2013. Efficacy of the d-phenothrin/pyriproxyfen association against mites in naturally co-infested rabbits. [Eficácia da associação de d-fenotrina e piriproxifen no controle de ácaros em coelhos naturalmente co-infestados.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33(5):597-600. Instituto de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, BR-316 Km 61, Castanhal, PA 68740-970, Brazil. E-mail: vetjulio@yahoo.com.br O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficácia da associação de d-fenotrina e piriproxifen no controle de infestações simultâneas por Psoroptes ovis, Cheyletiella parasitivorax e Leporacarus gibbus em coelhos naturalmente co-infestados. Vinte coelhos mestiços (Nova Zelândia Branco x Califórnia) infestados simultaneamente pelas três espécies de ácaros foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos. Todos os coelhos infestados por apresentavam eritema, hiperemia e formação de crostas nas orelhas, causados por P. ovis. Infestações simultâneas por C. parasitivorax e L. gibbus foram considerados assintomáticas em todos os animais. Dez animais foram tratados com uma formulação spray contendo d-fenotrina a 4,4% e piriproxifen a 0,148%, pulverizando toda a superfície corporal de forma uniforme, incluindo a face interna das orelhas. Os outros 10 coelhos não foram t ratados, sendo mantidos como grupo controle. Os animais foram avaliados nos dias 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 pós-tratamento. A associação de d-fenotrina e piriproxifen foi 100% eficaz no controle das três espécies de ácaros e foi responsável pela remissão das lesões de sarna psoróptica nos animais tratados. Não foram observados sinais de intoxicação. Os resultados indicam que a formulação spray de d-fenotrina e piriproxifen em uma única aplicação é uma opção clinicamente segura e eficaz no controle de infestações por ácaros em coelhos.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Fernandes J.I., Verocai G.G., Ribeiro F.A., Melo R.M.P.S., Correia T.R.,Veiga C.C.P., Vieira V.P.C. & Scott F.B. 2012. [Miticidal efficacy of an emulsion containing 10% neem (Azadirachtaindica) oil for control of Psoroptes ovis in naturally infested rabbits.] Eficácia acaricida de uma emulsão contendo 10% de óleo de Nim (Azadirachta indica) no controle de Psoroptes ovis em coelhos naturalmente infestados. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(12):1253-1256. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, BR-316 Km 61, Castanhal, PA 68740-970.Brazil. E-mail: vetjulio@yahoo.com.br The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of an emulsion containing 10% of neem (Azadirachta indica) oil on the control of Psoroptes ovis in naturally infested rabbits. Twelve rabbits were randomly divided in two groups of six animals. The control group remained without treatment; while animals in the other group were treated with the 10% neem extract formulation by spraying both ears daily for seven consecutive days. The animals were evaluated daily for the presence of adverse effects. Material from ears all animals was collected on days +3, +7, +14, +21, +28 and +35, and evaluated for the presence of living mites. Animals from control group presented mites in both ears along all days of observation. The treated group presented an efficacy of 41.7% on day +3 and 100% from day +7 to +35. The product containing 10% neem oil has demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of psoroptic mange on rabbits. However, treated animals presented dermatological reaction such as alopecia and hyperemia at the site of application, varying from low to medium severity.

• Azadirachta indica Oryctolagus cuniculus

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Fernandes J.I., Verocai G.G., Ribeiro F.A., Melo R.M.P.S., Correia T.R.,Veiga C.C.P., Vieira V.P.C. & Scott F.B. 2012. [Miticidal efficacy of an emulsion containing 10% neem (Azadirachtaindica) oil for control of Psoroptes ovis in naturally infested rabbits.] Eficácia acaricida de uma emulsão contendo 10% de óleo de Nim (Azadirachta indica) no controle de Psoroptes ovis em coelhos naturalmente infestados. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(12):1253-1256. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, BR-316 Km 61, Castanhal, PA 68740-970.Brazil. E-mail: vetjulio@yahoo.com.br O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficácia de uma emulsão contendo 10% de óleo de nim, Azadirachta indica, no controle de Psoroptes ovis em coelhos naturalmente infestados. Foram utilizados 12 coelhos separados aleatoriamente em dois grupos de seis animais cada. O grupo controle permaneceu sem tratamento, enquanto que o grupo tratado recebeu a formulação em teste, contendo 10% de Nim, borrifando ambos os condutos auditivos, uma vez ao dia, por sete dias consecutivos. Os animais foram avaliados diariamente para observação de possíveis efeitos adversos do produto. Nos dias +3, +7, +14,+21, +28 e +35 foi coletado material de todos os animais para avaliação da presença de ácaros vivos. Os coelhos do grupo controle apresentavam ácaros em ambos os condutos auditivos em todos os dias de observação. O grupo tratado apresentou eficácia de 41,7% no dia +3 e 100% a partir do dia +7 até o dia +35. O produto demonstrou ser eficaz no tratamento da sarna psoróptica em coelhos. Entretanto, todos os animais tratados apresentaram reações dermatológicas, tais como alopecia e hiperemia no local de aplicação do produto, variando de baixa a média severidade.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Verocai G.G., Fernandes J.I., Correia T.R., Melo R.M.P.S., Alves P.A.M., Scott F.B. & Grisi L. 2009. Inefficacy of albendazole sulphoxide and ivermectin for the treatment of bovine parasitic otitis caused by rhabditiform nematodes. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(11):910-912. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: gverocai@gmail.com The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of orally administered albendazole sulphoxide and pour-on ivermectin for the treatment of bovine parasitic otitis caused by rhabditiform nematodes. Eighteen Gyr cows presenting clinical otitis were divided in three groups with six animals each. The first one did not receive any treatment (control group). The second one was treated with 0.5% pour-on ivermectin, 500µg/kg of body weight, and the third group was treated with oral 6% albendazole sulphoxide, at 6.0mg/kg. Both ear canals of each animal were reexamined on days 7 and 21 post treatment. The animals in the control group remained infected throughout the days of observation. Ivermectin treatment did not show effectiveness on days 7 or 21 post treatment. The albendazole sulphoxide treatment had an efficacy of 16.7 and 25% on days 7 and 21, respectively. Further studies are required to assess an effective treatment for this parasitic disease, especially via alternative administration routes, because of its significant impact on Bos taurus indicus cattle breeding in Tropical and Subtropical Regions.

• Otite parasitária nematóides rhabditiformes

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Verocai G.G., Fernandes J.I., Correia T.R., Melo R.M.P.S., Alves P.A.M., Scott F.B. & Grisi L. 2009. Inefficacy of albendazole sulphoxide and ivermectin for the treatment of bovine parasitic otitis caused by rhabditiform nematodes. [Ineficácia do sulfóxido de albendazole e da ivermectina no tratamento da otite parasitária bovina causada por nematóides rhabditiformes.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(11):910-912. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: gverocai@gmail.com O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do sulfóxido de albendazol administrado oralmente e da ivermectina “pour-on” no tratamento da otite parasitária bovina causada por nematóides rhabditiformes. Dezoito vacas Gir apresentando otite clínica foram divididas em três grupos de seis animais cada. O primeiro não recebeu tratamento (grupo controle). O segundo foi tratado com ivermectina “pour-on” a 0,05% na dose de 500µg/kg de peso vivo. O terceiro grupo foi tratado com sulfóxido de albendazol oral a 6% na dose 6,0mg/kg. Os condutos auditivos de todos os animais foram reexaminados nos dias 7 e 21 pós-tratamento. Os animais do grupo controle permaneceram infectados nos dias de observação. O tratamento com ivermectina não demonstrou eficácia alguma para os dias 7 e 21 pós-tratamento. O tratamento com sulfóxido de albendazol obteve 16,7 e 25% de eficácia nos dias 7 e 21, respectivamente. Mais estudos são necessários para determinação de tratamentos eficazes para tal doença parasitária, especialmente através de vias alternativas de administração, por causa de seu significante impacto na criação de Bos taurus indicus nas Regiões Tropical e Subtropical.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Martins I.V.F., Verocai G.G., Correia T.R., Melo R.M.P.S., Pereira M.J.S., Scott F.B. & Grisi L. 2009. Survey on control and management practices of equine helminths infection. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(3):253-257. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Cx. Postal 16, Alegre, ES 29500-000, Brazil. E-mail: isabella@cca.ufes.br Twenty-nine stud farms were selected in the Medium Paraíba region of the Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. After an interview with the person responsible for the animals, faecal samples were collected from mares and analyzed via the EPG technique, faecal cultures, Sedimentation-centrifugo-flotation, and modified Ueno and Baermann techniques. The prevalence of helminths in the mares and in the stud farms was calculated. The stocking rates of pasture, change of horse bedding, absence of pasture rotation, absence of technology in the property, and less frequent treatment of the animals were associated with a greater prevalence of helminths, showing that these variables must be considered in equine control programs. The intensity of the parasitism was also associated with the stocking rate of pasture, absence of dunghill, presence of the animals only in paddocks, lack of technology in the property, less frequent treatment of the animals, and absence of the use of rotation regarding the anthelmintic class.

• Control practices management helminths treatment horses

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Martins I.V.F., Verocai G.G., Correia T.R., Melo R.M.P.S., Pereira M.J.S., Scott F.B. & Grisi L. 2009. Survey on control and management practices of equine helminths infection. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(3):253-257. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Cx. Postal 16, Alegre, ES 29500-000, Brazil. E-mail: isabella@cca.ufes.br Twenty-nine stud farms were selected in the Medium Paraíba region of the Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. After an interview with the person responsible for the animals, faecal samples were collected from mares and analyzed via the EPG technique, faecal cultures, Sedimentation-centrifugo-flotation, and modified Ueno and Baermann techniques. The prevalence of helminths in the mares and in the stud farms was calculated. The stocking rates of pasture, change of horse bedding, absence of pasture rotation, absence of technology in the property, and less frequent treatment of the animals were associated with a greater prevalence of helminths, showing that these variables must be considered in equine control programs. The intensity of the parasitism was also associated with the stocking rate of pasture, absence of dunghill, presence of the animals only in paddocks, lack of technology in the property, less frequent treatment of the animals, and absence of the use of rotation regarding the anthelmintic class.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Souza C.P., Ramadinha R.R., Scott F.B. & Pereira M.J.S. 2007. Factors associated with the prevalence of Otodectes cynotis in an ambulatory population of dogs. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(8):375-378. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: clarissa@ufrrj.br The objective was to evaluate the factors associated with the prevalence of Otodectes cynotis infestations in dogs assisted at the Dermatology Service of the Veterinary Hospital, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. A total of 250 dogs were examined through direct smear of ear samples using a stereoscopic microscope, for the parasitological diagnostic. All dog owners were interviewed and data regarding the animals and their environments were individually recorded. Mite infestation was observed in 15 animals, with a prevalence of 6%. The variables were tested regarding their association with the mites, using the c2 test and, when appropriate, the Fisher exact test. There were no evidences that age (p = 0,20), sex (p = 0,31), breed (p = 0,50), shape of ear (p = 0,66), type (p = 0,19) and length of hair (p = 0,14) and contact with other animals (p = 0,06) could act as potential risk factors for O. cynotis infestation. However, living environment (p = 0,03) and frequency of environmental cleaning (p = 0,005) may facilitate the infestation. The occurrence of pruritus was associated to the presence of mites (p<0,001), suggesting to be an effect of the parasitism.

• Ear mange risk factors dogs

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Souza C.P., Ramadinha R.R., Scott F.B. & Pereira M.J.S. 2007. Factors associated with the prevalence of Otodectes cynotis in an ambulatory population of dogs. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(8):375-378. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: clarissa@ufrrj.br The objective was to evaluate the factors associated with the prevalence of Otodectes cynotis infestations in dogs assisted at the Dermatology Service of the Veterinary Hospital, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. A total of 250 dogs were examined through direct smear of ear samples using a stereoscopic microscope, for the parasitological diagnostic. All dog owners were interviewed and data regarding the animals and their environments were individually recorded. Mite infestation was observed in 15 animals, with a prevalence of 6%. The variables were tested regarding their association with the mites, using the c2 test and, when appropriate, the Fisher exact test. There were no evidences that age (p = 0,20), sex (p = 0,31), breed (p = 0,50), shape of ear (p = 0,66), type (p = 0,19) and length of hair (p = 0,14) and contact with other animals (p = 0,06) could act as potential risk factors for O. cynotis infestation. However, living environment (p = 0,03) and frequency of environmental cleaning (p = 0,005) may facilitate the infestation. The occurrence of pruritus was associated to the presence of mites (p<0,001), suggesting to be an effect of the parasitism.

Abstract in English:

Tancredi M.G.F., Faccini J.L.H., Tancredi I.P., Martins I.V.F. & Scott F.B. 2005. [The host-relationship between Psoroptes equi and horses.] Relação parasito-hospedeiro entre Psoroptes equi e eqüinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 25(4):207-209. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: faccini@ufrrj.br Horses, abandoned by their owners (stray horses) along the main roads in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil, and brought by the Federal Police to a quarantine station at the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, were included in the study. A total of 1,121 horses were examined from November 1998 to November 2000. Skin scrapings from 107 (9.5%) horses with signs of psoroptic mange resulted in 37 (34.6%) positive animals for Psoroptes equi. There was no statistical correlation between prevalence and host age or sex (c2, p>0,05). P. equi was diagnosed in animals with different hair color. The dorsal region (withers to hip) was the most affected area of the body.

• Psoroptes equi Acari Psoroptidae mange horses Brazil.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Tancredi M.G.F., Faccini J.L.H., Tancredi I.P., Martins I.V.F. & Scott F.B. 2005. [The host-relationship between Psoroptes equi and horses.] Relação parasito-hospedeiro entre Psoroptes equi e eqüinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 25(4):207-209. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: faccini@ufrrj.br Horses, abandoned by their owners (stray horses) along the main roads in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil, and brought by the Federal Police to a quarantine station at the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, were included in the study. A total of 1,121 horses were examined from November 1998 to November 2000. Skin scrapings from 107 (9.5%) horses with signs of psoroptic mange resulted in 37 (34.6%) positive animals for Psoroptes equi. There was no statistical correlation between prevalence and host age or sex (c2, p>0,05). P. equi was diagnosed in animals with different hair color. The dorsal region (withers to hip) was the most affected area of the body.